Most people involved with workplace safety are very aware of the iceberg theory.  
Its very simple. For every recorded incident sitting above the surface, there are many unrecorded near misses submerged below the surface.
Capture the near misses and act on the causes in order to reduce or eliminate actual incidents occurring.
In most companies an incident results in a rigorous Incident Report, an inquest into why the incident happened and actions to prevent it from happening again.  
All well and good and very necessary

Preamble
I have worked in many companies that I would describe as extremely safety focused and yet they still have incidents.  The incident investigation will always reveal a cause.  Some causes are more obvious than others but there is always a preventable cause.  It may be human,  it may be equipment, it may be process.  But always preventable.